| Composition: |
Each 2 ml ampoule contains:
Furosemide ..................................... 20 mg.
Each 4 ml ampoule contains:
Furosemide .................................... 40 mg.
Each tablet contains:
Furosemide......................................... 40 mg
|
| Properties: |
Furosemide is a potent diuretic, with rapid
onset of action & bioavailability about 60 - 70 %.
The half life of Furosemide is up to about 2 hours.
Furosemide inhibits the reabsorption of electrolytes in the
ascending limb of the loop of Henle and also in the distal
tubules. It may also have a direct effect on the proximal
tubules.
Furosemide increase the excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium
and chloride ions and enhances water excretion.
Furosemide has no clinically effect on carbonic anhydrase
enzyme.
|
| Indications: |
►Injection is indicated in conditions where adequate diuresis is
not obtained with oral administration.
►Edema due to cardiac and hepatic disease (ascites).
►Edema due to renal disease (when the nephrotic syndrome therapy
of the underlying disease has precedence).
►Acute cardiac insufficiency, especially in pulmonary edema
(administration in conjunction with other therapeutic measures).
►Supportive measures in brain edema.
►Edema due to burns.
►Hypertensive crisis (in addition to other anti-hypertensive
measures)
►To support forced diuresis in poisoning.
|
| Contraindications: |
►Anuria.
►Hepatic coma.
►Severe hypokalemia.
►Hyponatraemia and / or hypovolaemia with or without
hypotension.
►Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides.
►Liver or renal failure.
|
| Use in pregnancy & lactation: |
Furosemide should be used during pregnancy only
if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the
fetus.
Because it appears in breast milk, caution should be exercised
when Furosemide is administered to a nursing mother.
|
| Precautions: |
The drug may cause hypokalemia &
hyponatraemia,it aggravates diabetes mellitus & gout, The drug
is unsafe for use in acute porphyria.
|
| Side effects: |
Hyponatraemia, hypokalemia, hypochloremic
alkalosis, increased calcium excretion & hypotension are the
most common side effects. Less commonly nausea, gastro -
intestinal disturbances, hyperuricemia ( gout ) may occur .
|
| Dosage: |
Ampoule Dose:
►►Adults and adolescents over 15 years:
The initial dose:20 - 40 mg I.V or I.M.
►If the diuretic effect is not satisfactory after a single dose
of 20 - 40 mg, the dose may be stepwise increased, at two hour
intervals by 20 mg each time until satisfactory diuresis is
obtained.
The individual dose thus established should then be given once
or twice daily.
►Acute pulmonary edema:
An initial dose of 40 mg is administered intravenously. and then
If needed, a further dose of 20 - 40 mg is injected after 20
minutes.
►Forced diuresis:
20 - 40 mg is given in addition to infusion of electrolyte
solution.
Further treatment depends on the elimination of urine and must
include substitution of the fluid and electrolyte losses in
poisoning with acid or basic substances.
The elimination rate may be further increased by alkalinization
or acidification of the urine.
►►Infants and children under 15 years:
Parenteral administration (if necessary, continuous drip
infusion) is indicated only in life-threatening conditions.
For intravenous or intramuscular injection:
The dosage schedule is 1 mg / kg body weight up to a maximum
daily dose of 20 mg.
Therapy should be changed to oral administration as soon as
possible
|
Tablets:
►Adults:
In the treatment of edema, the usual initial dose for adults is
20 - 80 mg once daily, if no response is obtained the dose may
be raised by 20 - 40 mg and given no sooner than 6 - 8 hours
after the previous dose until the desired diuretic effect has
been obtained .
Mild cases may respond to 20 mg daily or 40 mg on alternative
days.
Some patients may require gradual titration of the Furosemide
dosage up to 600 mg daily.
In the treatment of hypertension, Furosemide is given in doses
of 40 - 80 mg / day,
either alone or in conjunction with other antihypertensive
agents, with reduction of
at least 50% of antihypertensive drug.
►Infants and children:
The usual oral initial dose is 1-3 mg / kg body weight once
daily or on alternative
days, dose may be increased by 1 - 2 mg / kg given no sooner
than 6 - 8 hours after
the previous dose until the desired diuretic effect has been
obtained. Maximum
dose is 6 mg / kg body weight ( 40 mg daily ).
|
| Storage: |
Keep at temperature not exceeding 30°C.
Keep medicine out of reach of children
|
| Presentation: |
Box of 3 ampoules 20 mg or 40 mg.
Box of 100 ampoules 20 mg or 40 mg.
Box of 10 ampoules 20 mg. |
